For these estimates, we have assumed that under 5s sleep for 12 hours per day, 5-7s for 11 hours per day, 8-10s for 10 hours per day and 11-15s for 9 hours per day, on average. The under 5s spend roughly 6 per cent of their day in formal care, compared with approximately 15 per cent for the 11-15 age group. The proportion of waking time where formal or informal care is provided is similar for both age groups, because of the assumptions that younger children sleep for longer periods and older children spend time alone.